Compara traducciones versículo por versículo
“Il re Nebucadnetsar a tutti i popoli, a tutte le nazioni e le lingue, che abitano su tutta la terra. La vostra pace abbondi.
NABUCODONOSOR rey, á todos los pueblos, naciones, y lenguas, que moran en toda la tierra: Paz os sea multiplicada:
Nebuchadnezzar the king, unto all people, nations, and languages, that dwell in all the earth; Peace be multiplied unto you.
Nebuchadnezzar the king, to all the peoples, nations, and languages, who dwell in all the earth: Peace be multiplied to you.
M’è parso bene di far conoscere i segni e i prodigi che l’Iddio altissimo ha fatto nella mia persona.
Las señales y milagros que el alto Dios ha hecho conmigo, conviene que yo las publique.
I thought it good to shew the signs and wonders that the high God hath wrought toward me.
It has seemed good to me to show the signs and wonders that the Most High God has worked toward me.
Come son grandi i suoi segni! Come son potenti i suoi prodigi! Il suo regno è un regno eterno, e il suo dominio dura di generazione in generazione.
¡Cuán grandes son sus señales, y cuán potentes sus maravillas! Su reino, reino sempiterno, y su señorío hasta generación y generación.
How great are his signs! and how mighty are his wonders! his kingdom is an everlasting kingdom, and his dominion is from generation to generation.
How great are his signs! How mighty are his wonders! His kingdom is an everlasting kingdom. His dominion is from generation to generation.
Io, Nebucadnetsar, stavo tranquillo in casa mia, e fiorente nel mio palazzo.
Yo Nabucodonosor estaba quieto en mi casa, y floreciente en mi palacio.
I Nebuchadnezzar was at rest in mine house, and flourishing in my palace:
I, Nebuchadnezzar, was at rest in my house, and flourishing in my palace.
Ebbi un sogno, che mi spaventò; e i pensieri che m’assalivano sul mio letto, e le visioni del mio spirito m’empiron di terrore.
Vi un sueño que me espantó, y las imaginaciones y visiones de mi cabeza me turbaron en mi cama.
I saw a dream which made me afraid, and the thoughts upon my bed and the visions of my head troubled me.
I saw a dream which made me afraid; and the thoughts on my bed and the visions of my head troubled me.
Ordine fu dato da parte mia di condurre davanti a me tutti i savi di Babilonia, perché mi facessero conoscere l’interpretazione del sogno.
Por lo cual yo puse mandamiento para hacer venir delante de mí todos los sabios de Babilonia, que me mostrasen la declaración del sueño.
Therefore made I a decree to bring in all the wise men of Babylon before me, that they might make known unto me the interpretation of the dream.
Therefore I made a decree to bring in all the wise men of Babylon before me, that they might make known to me the interpretation of the dream.
Allora vennero i magi, gl’incantatori, i Caldei e gli astrologi; io dissi loro il sogno, ma essi non poterono farmene conoscere l’interpretazione.
Y vinieron magos, astrólogos, Caldeos, y adivinos: y dije el sueño delante de ellos, mas nunca me mostraron su declaración;
Then came in the magicians, the astrologers, the Chaldeans, and the soothsayers: and I told the dream before them; but they did not make known unto me the interpretation thereof.
Then the magicians, the enchanters, the Chaldeans, and the soothsayers came in; and I told them the dream, but they didn’t make known to me its interpretation.
Alla fine si presentò davanti a me Daniele, che si chiama Beltsatsar, dal nome del mio dio, e nel quale è lo spirito degli dèi santi; e io gli raccontai il sogno:
Hasta tanto que entró delante de mí Daniel, cuyo nombre es Beltsasar, como el nombre de mi dios, y en el cual hay espíritu de los dioses santos, y dije el sueño delante de él, diciendo:
But at the last Daniel came in before me, whose name was Belteshazzar, according to the name of my god, and in whom is the spirit of the holy gods: and before him I told the dream, saying,
But at last, Daniel came in before me, whose name was Belteshazzar according to the name of my god, and in whom is the spirit of the holy gods. I told the dream before him, saying,
Beltsatsar, capo de’ magi, siccome io so che lo spirito degli dèi santi è in te, e che nessun segreto t’è difficile, dimmi le visioni che ho avuto nel mio sogno, e la loro interpretazione.
Beltsasar, príncipe de los magos, ya que he entendido que hay en ti espíritu de los dioses santos, y que ningún misterio se te esconde, exprésame las visiones de mi sueño que he visto, y su declaración.
O Belteshazzar, master of the magicians, because I know that the spirit of the holy gods is in thee, and no secret troubleth thee, tell me the visions of my dream that I have seen, and the interpretation thereof.
“Belteshazzar, master of the magicians, because I know that the spirit of the holy gods is in you and no secret troubles you, tell me the visions of my dream that I have seen, and its interpretation.
Ed ecco le visioni della mia mente quand’ero sul mio letto. Io guardavo, ed ecco un albero in mezzo alla terra, la cui altezza era grande.
Aquestas las visiones de mi cabeza en mi cama: Parecíame que veía un árbol en medio de la tierra, cuya altura era grande.
Thus were the visions of mine head in my bed; I saw, and behold a tree in the midst of the earth, and the height thereof was great.
These were the visions of my head on my bed: I saw, and behold, a tree in the middle of the earth; and its height was great.
l’albero era cresciuto e diventato forte, e la sua vetta giungeva al cielo, e lo si vedeva dalle estremità di tutta al terra.
Crecía este árbol, y hacíase fuerte, y su altura llegaba hasta el cielo, y su vista hasta el cabo de toda la tierra.
The tree grew, and was strong, and the height thereof reached unto heaven, and the sight thereof to the end of all the earth:
The tree grew and was strong. Its height reached to the sky and its sight to the end of all the earth.
Il suo fogliame era bello, il suo frutto abbondante, c’era in lui nutrimento per tutti; le bestie de’ campi si riparavano sotto la sua ombra, gli uccelli del cielo dimoravano fra i suoi rami, e ogni creatura si nutriva d’esso.
Su copa era hermosa, y su fruto en abundancia, y para todos había en él mantenimiento. Debajo de él se ponían á la sombra las bestias del campo, y en sus ramas hacían morada las aves del cielo, y manteníase de él toda carne.
The leaves thereof were fair, and the fruit thereof much, and in it was meat for all: the beasts of the field had shadow under it, and the fowls of the heaven dwelt in the boughs thereof, and all flesh was fed of it.
Its leaves were beautiful, and it had much fruit, and in it was food for all. The animals of the field had shade under it, and the birds of the sky lived in its branches, and all flesh was fed from it.
Nelle visioni della mia mente, quand’ero sul mio letto, io guardavo, ed ecco uno dei santi Veglianti scese dal cielo,
Veía en las visiones de mi cabeza en mi cama, y he aquí que un vigilante y santo descendía del cielo.
I saw in the visions of my head upon my bed, and, behold, a watcher and an holy one came down from heaven;
“I saw in the visions of my head on my bed, and behold, a holy watcher came down from the sky.
gridò con forza, e disse così: Abbattete l’albero, e tagliatene i rami; scotetene il fogliame, e dispergetene il frutto; fuggano gli animali di sotto a lui, e gli uccelli di tra i suoi rami!
Y clamaba fuertemente y decía así: Cortad el árbol, y desmochad sus ramas, derribad su copa, y derramad su fruto: váyanse las bestias que están debajo de él, y las aves de sus ramas.
He cried aloud, and said thus, Hew down the tree, and cut off his branches, shake off his leaves, and scatter his fruit: let the beasts get away from under it, and the fowls from his branches:
He cried aloud and said this: ‘Cut down the tree, and cut off its branches! Shake off its leaves and scatter its fruit! Let the animals get away from under it and the birds from its branches.
Però, lasciate in terra il ceppo delle sue radici, ma in catene di ferro e di rame, fra l’erba de’ campi, e sia bagnato dalla rugiada del cielo, e abbia con gli animali la sua parte d’erba della terra.
Mas la cepa de sus raíces dejaréis en la tierra, y con atadura de hierro y de metal entre la hierba del campo; y sea mojado con el rocío del cielo, y su parte con las bestias en la hierba de la tierra.
Nevertheless leave the stump of his roots in the earth, even with a band of iron and brass, in the tender grass of the field; and let it be wet with the dew of heaven, and let his portion be with the beasts in the grass of the earth:
Nevertheless leave the stump of its roots in the earth, even with a band of iron and bronze, in the tender grass of the field; and let it be wet with the dew of the sky. Let his portion be with the animals in the grass of the earth.
Gli sia mutato il cuore; e invece d’un cuor d’uomo, gli sia dato un cuore di bestia; e passino si di lui sette tempi.
Su corazón sea mudado de corazón de hombre, y séale dado corazón de bestia, y pasen sobre él siete tiempos.
Let his heart be changed from man’s, and let a beast’s heart be given unto him; and let seven times pass over him.
Let his heart be changed from man’s, and let an animal’s heart be given to him. Then let seven times pass over him.
La cosa è decretata dai Veglianti, e la sentenza emana dai santi, affinché i viventi conoscano che l’Altissimo domina sul regno degli uomini, ch’egli lo dà a chi vuole, e vi innalza l’infimo degli uomini.
La sentencia es por decreto de los vigilantes, y por dicho de los santos la demanda: para que conozcan los vivientes que el Altísimo se enseñorea del reino de los hombres, y que á quien él quiere lo da, y constituye sobre él al más bajo de los hombres.
This matter is by the decree of the watchers, and the demand by the word of the holy ones: to the intent that the living may know that the most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever he will, and setteth up over it the basest of men.
“‘The sentence is by the decree of the watchers and the demand by the word of the holy ones, to the intent that the living may know that the Most High rules in the kingdom of men, and gives it to whomever he will, and sets up over it the lowest of men.’
Questo è il sogno che io, il re Nebucadnetsar, ho fatto; e tu, Beltsatsar, danne l’interpretazione, giacché tutti i savi del mio regno non me lo possono interpretare; ma tu puoi, perché lo spirito degli dèi santi è in te”
Yo el rey Nabucodonosor he visto este sueño. Tú pues, Beltsasar, dirás la declaración de él, porque todos los sabios de mi reino nunca pudieron mostrarme su interpretación: mas tú puedes, porque hay en ti espíritu de los dioses santos.
This dream I king Nebuchadnezzar have seen. Now thou, O Belteshazzar, declare the interpretation thereof, forasmuch as all the wise men of my kingdom are not able to make known unto me the interpretation: but thou art able; for the spirit of the holy gods is in thee.
“This dream I, King Nebuchadnezzar, have seen; and you, Belteshazzar, declare the interpretation, because all the wise men of my kingdom are not able to make known to me the interpretation; but you are able, for the spirit of the holy gods is in you.”
Allora Daniele il cui nome è Beltsatsar, rimase per un momento stupefatto, e i suoi pensieri lo spaventavano. Il re prese a dire: “Beltsatsar, il sogno e la interpretazione non ti spaventino!” Beltsatsar rispose, e disse: “Signor mio, il sogno s’avveri per i tuoi nemici, e la sua interpretazione per i tuoi avversari!
Entonces Daniel, cuyo nombre era Beltsasar, estuvo callando casi una hora, y sus pensamientos lo espantaban: El rey habló, y dijo: Beltsasar, el sueño ni su declaración no te espante. Respondió Beltsasar, y dijo: Señor mío, el sueño sea para tus enemigos, y su declaración para los que mal te quieren.
Then Daniel, whose name was Belteshazzar, was astonied for one hour, and his thoughts troubled him. The king spake, and said, Belteshazzar, let not the dream, or the interpretation thereof, trouble thee. Belteshazzar answered and said, My lord, the dream be to them that hate thee, and the interpretation thereof to thine enemies.
Then Daniel, whose name was Belteshazzar, was stricken mute for a while, and his thoughts troubled him. The king answered, “Belteshazzar, don’t let the dream or the interpretation, trouble you.” Belteshazzar answered, “My lord, may the dream be for those who hate you, and its interpretation to your adversaries.
L’albero che il re ha visto, ch’era divenuto grande e forte, la cui vetta giungeva al cielo e che si vedeva da tutti i punti della terra,
El árbol que viste, que crecía y se hacía fuerte, y que su altura llegaba hasta el cielo, y su vista por toda la tierra;
The tree that thou sawest, which grew, and was strong, whose height reached unto the heaven, and the sight thereof to all the earth;
The tree that you saw, which grew and was strong, whose height reached to the sky and its sight to all the earth;
l’albero dal fogliame bello, dal frutto abbondante e in cui era nutrimento per tutti, sotto il quale si riparavano le bestie dei campi e fra i cui rami dimoravano gli uccelli del cielo,
Y cuya copa era hermosa, y su fruto en abundancia, y que para todos había mantenimiento en él; debajo del cual moraban las bestias del campo, y en sus ramas habitaban las aves del cielo,
Whose leaves were fair, and the fruit thereof much, and in it was meat for all; under which the beasts of the field dwelt, and upon whose branches the fowls of the heaven had their habitation:
whose leaves were beautiful and its fruit plentiful, and in it was food for all; under which the animals of the field lived, and on whose branches the birds of the sky had their habitation—
sei tu, o re; tu, che sei divenuto grande e forte, la cui grandezza s’è accresciuta e giunge fino al cielo, e il cui dominio s’estende fino all’estremità della terra.
Tú mismo eres, oh rey, que creciste, y te hiciste fuerte, pues creció tu grandeza, y ha llegado hasta el cielo, y tu señorío hasta el cabo de la tierra.
It is thou, O king, that art grown and become strong: for thy greatness is grown, and reacheth unto heaven, and thy dominion to the end of the earth.
it is you, O king, that have grown and become strong; for your greatness has grown, and reaches to the sky, and your dominion to the end of the earth.
E quanto al santo Vegliante che hai visto scendere dal cielo e che ha detto: Abbattete l’albero e distruggetelo, ma lasciate in terra il ceppo delle radici, in catene di ferro e di rame, fra l’erba de’ campi, e sia bagnato dalla rugiada del cielo, e abbia la sua parte con gli animali della campagna finché sian passati sopra di lui sette tempi
Y cuanto á lo que vió el rey, un vigilante y santo que descendía del cielo, y decía: Cortad el árbol y destruidlo: mas la cepa de sus raíces dejaréis en la tierra, y con atadura de hierro y de metal en la hierba del campo; y sea mojado con el rocío del cielo, y su parte sea con las bestias del campo, hasta que pasen sobre él siete tiempos:
And whereas the king saw a watcher and an holy one coming down from heaven, and saying, Hew the tree down, and destroy it; yet leave the stump of the roots thereof in the earth, even with a band of iron and brass, in the tender grass of the field; and let it be wet with the dew of heaven, and let his portion be with the beasts of the field, till seven times pass over him;
“Whereas the king saw a holy watcher coming down from the sky and saying, ‘Cut down the tree, and destroy it; nevertheless leave the stump of its roots in the earth, even with a band of iron and bronze, in the tender grass of the field, and let it be wet with the dew of the sky. Let his portion be with the animals of the field, until seven times pass over him.’
eccone l’interpretazione, o re; è un decreto dell’Altissimo, che sarà eseguito sul re mio signore:
Esta es la declaración, oh rey, y la sentencia del Altísimo, que ha venido sobre el rey mi señor:
This is the interpretation, O king, and this is the decree of the most High, which is come upon my lord the king:
“This is the interpretation, O king, and it is the decree of the Most High, which has come on my lord the king:
tu sarai cacciato di fra gli uomini e la tua dimora sarà con le bestie dei campi; ti sarà data a mangiare dell’erba come ai buoi; sarai bagnato dalla rugiada del cielo, e passeranno su di te sette tempi, finché tu non riconosca che l’Altissimo domina sul regno degli uomini, e lo dà a chi vuole.
Que te echarán de entre los hombres, y con las bestias del campo será tu morada, y con hierba del campo te apacentarán como á los bueyes, y con rocío del cielo serás bañado; y siete tiempos pasarán sobre ti, hasta que entiendas que el Altísimo se enseñorea en el reino de los hombres, y que á quien él quisiere lo dará.
That they shall drive thee from men, and thy dwelling shall be with the beasts of the field, and they shall make thee to eat grass as oxen, and they shall wet thee with the dew of heaven, and seven times shall pass over thee, till thou know that the most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever he will.
You will be driven from men and your dwelling shall be with the animals of the field. You will be made to eat grass as oxen, and will be wet with the dew of the sky, and seven times shall pass over you, until you know that the Most High rules in the kingdom of men, and gives it to whomever he will.
E quanto all’ordine di lasciare il ceppo delle radici dell’albero, ciò significa che il tuo regno ti sarà ristabilito, dopo che avrai riconosciuto che il cielo domina.
Y lo que dijeron, que dejasen en la tierra la cepa de las raíces del mismo árbol, significa que tu reino se te quedará firme, luego que entiendas que el señorío es en los cielos.
And whereas they commanded to leave the stump of the tree roots; thy kingdom shall be sure unto thee, after that thou shalt have known that the heavens do rule.
Whereas it was commanded to leave the stump of the roots of the tree, your kingdom shall be sure to you after you know that Heaven rules.
Perciò, o re, ti sia gradito il mio consiglio! Poni fine ai tuoi peccati con la giustizia, e alle tue iniquità con la compassione verso gli afflitti; e, forse, la tua prosperità potrà esser prolungata”.
Por tanto, oh rey, aprueba mi consejo, y redime tus pecados con justicia, y tus iniquidades con misericordias para con los pobres; que tal vez será eso una prolongación de tu tranquilidad.
Wherefore, O king, let my counsel be acceptable unto thee, and break off thy sins by righteousness, and thine iniquities by shewing mercy to the poor; if it may be a lengthening of thy tranquillity.
Therefore, O king, let my counsel be acceptable to you, and break off your sins by righteousness, and your iniquities by showing mercy to the poor. Perhaps there may be a lengthening of your tranquility.”
Tutto questo avvenne al re Nebucadnetsar.
Todo aquesto vino sobre el rey Nabucodonosor.
All this came upon the king Nebuchadnezzar.
All this came on the King Nebuchadnezzar.
In capo a dodici mesi egli passeggiava sul palazzo reale di Babilonia.
A cabo de doce meses, andándose paseando sobre el palacio del reino de Babilonia,
At the end of twelve months he walked in the palace of the kingdom of Babylon.
At the end of twelve months he was walking in the royal palace of Babylon.
Il re prese a dire: “Non è questa la gran Babilonia che io ho edificata come residenza reale con la forza della mia potenza e per la gloria della mia maestà?”
Habló el rey, y dijo: ¿No es ésta la gran Babilonia, que yo edifiqué para casa del reino, con la fuerza de mi poder, y para gloria de mi grandeza?
The king spake, and said, Is not this great Babylon, that I have built for the house of the kingdom by the might of my power, and for the honour of my majesty?
The king spoke and said, “Is not this great Babylon, which I have built for the royal dwelling place by the might of my power and for the glory of my majesty?”
Il re aveva ancora la parola in bocca, quando una voce discese dal cielo: “Sappi, o re Nebucadnetsar, che il tuo regno t’è tolto;
Aun estaba la palabra en la boca del rey, cuando cae una voz del cielo: A ti dicen, rey Nabucodonosor; el reino es traspasado de ti:
While the word was in the king’s mouth, there fell a voice from heaven, saying, O king Nebuchadnezzar, to thee it is spoken; The kingdom is departed from thee.
While the word was in the king’s mouth, a voice came from the sky, saying, “O King Nebuchadnezzar, to you it is spoken: ‘The kingdom has departed from you.
e tu sarai cacciato di fra gli uomini, la tua dimora sarà con le bestie de’ campi; ti sarà data a mangiare dell’erba come ai buoi, e passeranno su di te sette tempi, finché tu non riconosca che l’Altissimo domina sul regno degli uomini e lo dà a chi vuole”.
Y de entre los hombres te echan, y con las bestias del campo será tu morada, y como á los bueyes te apacentarán: y siete tiempos pasarán sobre ti, hasta que conozcas que el Altísimo se enseñorea en el reino de los hombres, y á quien él quisiere lo da.
And they shall drive thee from men, and thy dwelling shall be with the beasts of the field: they shall make thee to eat grass as oxen, and seven times shall pass over thee, until thou know that the most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever he will.
You shall be driven from men, and your dwelling shall be with the animals of the field. You shall be made to eat grass like oxen. Seven times shall pass over you, until you know that the Most High rules in the kingdom of men, and gives it to whomever he will.’”
In quel medesimo istante quella parola si adempì su Nebucadnetsar. Egli fu cacciato di fra gli uomini, mangiò l’erba come ai buoi, e il suo corpo fu bagnato dalla rugiada del cielo, finché il pelo gli crebbe come le penne alle aquile, e le unghie come agli uccelli.
En la misma hora se cumplió la palabra sobre Nabucodonosor, y fué echado de entre los hombres; y comía hierba como los bueyes, y su cuerpo se bañaba con el rocío del cielo, hasta que su pelo creció como de águila, y sus uñas como de aves.
The same hour was the thing fulfilled upon Nebuchadnezzar: and he was driven from men, and did eat grass as oxen, and his body was wet with the dew of heaven, till his hairs were grown like eagles’ feathers, and his nails like birds’ claws.
This was fulfilled the same hour on Nebuchadnezzar. He was driven from men and ate grass like oxen; and his body was wet with the dew of the sky until his hair had grown like eagles’ feathers, and his nails like birds’ claws.
“Alla fine di que’ giorni, io, Nebucadnetsar, alzai gli occhi al cielo, la ragione mi tornò, e benedissi l’Altissimo, e lodai e glorificai colui che vive in eterno, il cui dominio è un dominio perpetuo, e il cui regno dura di generazione in generazione.
Mas al fin del tiempo yo Nabucodonosor alcé mis ojos al cielo, y mi sentido me fué vuelto; y bendije al Altísimo, y alabé y glorifiqué al que vive para siempre; porque su señorío es sempiterno, y su reino por todas las edades.
And at the end of the days I Nebuchadnezzar lifted up mine eyes unto heaven, and mine understanding returned unto me, and I blessed the most High, and I praised and honoured him that liveth for ever, whose dominion is an everlasting dominion, and his kingdom is from generation to generation:
At the end of the days I, Nebuchadnezzar, lifted up my eyes to heaven, and my understanding returned to me; and I blessed the Most High, and I praised and honored him who lives forever, for his dominion is an everlasting dominion, and his kingdom from generation to generation.
Tutti gli abitanti della terra son da lui reputati un nulla; egli agisce come vuole con l’esercito del cielo e con gli abitanti della terra; e non v’è alcuno che possa fermare la sua mano o dirgli: Che fai?
Y todos los moradores de la tierra por nada son contados: y en el ejército del cielo, y en los habitantes de la tierra, hace según su voluntad: ni hay quien estorbe su mano, y le diga: ¿Qué haces?
And all the inhabitants of the earth are reputed as nothing: and he doeth according to his will in the army of heaven, and among the inhabitants of the earth: and none can stay his hand, or say unto him, What doest thou?
All the inhabitants of the earth are reputed as nothing; and he does according to his will in the army of heaven, and among the inhabitants of the earth; and no one can stop his hand, or ask him, “What are you doing?”
In quel tempo la ragione mi tornò; la gloria del mio regno, la mia maestà, il mio splendore mi furono restituiti; i miei consiglieri e i miei grandi mi cercarono, e io fui ristabilito nel mio regno, e la mia grandezza fu accresciuta più che mai.
En el mismo tiempo mi sentido me fué vuelto, y la majestad de mi reino, mi dignidad y mi grandeza volvieron á mí, y mis gobernadores y mis grandes me buscaron; y fuí restituído á mi reino, y mayor grandeza me fué añadida.
At the same time my reason returned unto me; and for the glory of my kingdom, mine honour and brightness returned unto me; and my counsellors and my lords sought unto me; and I was established in my kingdom, and excellent majesty was added unto me.
At the same time my understanding returned to me; and for the glory of my kingdom, my majesty and brightness returned to me. My counselors and my lords sought me; and I was established in my kingdom, and excellent greatness was added to me.
Ora, io, Nebucadnetsar, lodo, esalto e glorifico il Re del cielo, perché tutte le sue opere sono, verità, e le sue vie, giustizia, ed egli ha il potere di umiliare quelli che camminano superbamente.
Ahora yo Nabucodonosor alabo, engrandezco y glorifico al Rey del cielo, porque todas sus obras son verdad, y sus caminos juicio; y humillar puede á los que andan con soberbia.
Now I Nebuchadnezzar praise and extol and honour the King of heaven, all whose works are truth, and his ways judgment: and those that walk in pride he is able to abase.
Now I, Nebuchadnezzar, praise and extol and honor the King of heaven; for all his works are truth, and his ways justice; and those who walk in pride he is able to abase.